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FIGURE 5-3: THE THREE LAYERS INSIDE A WORKFLOW


         What to notice: Use rules and conventional tools for exact steps, models for understanding
         and generation, and people for responsibility, exceptions, and high-impact decisions.

         Source: Prepared by the author.

         TABLE 5-4: CHOOSING THE RIGHT EXECUTOR FOR EACH STEP

            The nature of the step                   Example                  The most suitable executor


            One correct result that  Validating an email address or              A rule, a program, or a
                 can be tested                  summing figures.                         formula.

                  Linguistic or            Summarizing or classifying             An AI model with an

             probabilistic meaning             unstructured text.                 acceptance criterion.

             Responsibility or high      Approving a recommendation
                                                                                   A qualified person.
                     impact               or interpreting an exception.


                                                                                    A model, then an
            A mixture of language,        Extracting fields from many
                                                                                automated check, then a
             precision, and impact                  contracts.
                                                                                         person.



























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