Page 290 - CyberSecurityEssentialsEnglish

Common
Term Plain-language explanation
abbreviation

Designing learning that reduces barriers from the
Universal design for
UDL outset through multiple means of engagement,
learning
representation, and expression.

Adapting access or expression without changing the
Accommodation -
learning outcome.

Changing the outcome or its criteria, which requires
Modification -
an explicit decision.

Clear, direct writing that states the action, the
Plain language -
deadline, and the criterion.

A description of an image conveying its educational
Alternative text -
purpose and meaning.

Tools such as screen readers and speech recognition
Assistive technology -
that require well-structured files.

Natural variation in attention, organization, and
Neurodiversity -
processing among learners.

Analyzing learning data to improve teaching and
Learning analytics -
support, with a defined purpose and minimal data.

Moving a case from an automated assistant to a
Escalation -
qualified person.

Review Questions
1. What is the difference between the quality of a product and the occurrence of learning?

How can a product be excellent while the learning is weak?
2. Which roles can AI play in education, and which roles should not be delegated to it?
3. Why is asking for an explanation “in simple terms” not enough, and what are the elements

of a graduated explanation?
4. How do you achieve alignment among the learning outcome, the activity, and the

evidence of assessment?
5. What is the difference between formative and summative assessment?
6. How do retrieval practice and spaced repetition support learning?
7. What are the characteristics of actionable feedback?

8. How does the help ladder work, and why does it not begin with the full solution?

289