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TABLE 6-11: THE ATTEMPT-FIRST PROTOCOL

Stage What the learner does What AI does

Writes what they know, their Does not intervene yet, or only
1. Attempt
prediction, or their plan. clarifies the requirement.

Locates the point of difficulty Asks one diagnostic question at a
2. Diagnose
precisely. time.

Revises a step or an idea
3. Support Offers the least sufficient hint.
themselves.

Discusses the error against a
4. Revise Explains what changed and why.
criterion.

Applies without copying the earlier Generates a new case or a
5. Transfer
example. transfer question.

Records the strategy and the limits
6. Reflect Asks reflective questions.
of the help used.

TABLE 6-12: TYPES OF DIFFICULTY AND THE MOST SUITABLE SUPPORT
Type of difficulty Suitable first support Unsuitable support

Restate the requirement and Writing the complete
The task is unclear
define the terms. solution.

A question that reveals the A long explanation from the
A knowledge gap
missing prior concept. beginning.

Difficulty with A parallel example or an
Insisting on the same method.
representation alternative representation.

Many errors at
One high-priority comment. Correcting everything at once.
once

Comparing the attempt with a
Low confidence Generic praise.
defined criterion.

Time management A short step and a review date. A crowded, idealized plan.

Identifying the ambiguous places Rewriting in an advanced
A language barrier
and offering alternatives. style.

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