Page 26 - Web Search-En-V3

The first part of the URL is the scheme, which indicates the protocol that the browser
must use to request the resource (a protocol is a set method for exchanging or transferring data
around a computer network). Usually for websites the protocol is HTTPS or HTTP (its
unsecured version). Addressing web pages requires one of these two, but browsers also know
how to handle other schemes such as mailto: (to open a mail client) or ftp: to handle file
transfer, so do not be surprised if you see such protocols.

Next follows the authority, which is separated from the scheme by the character pattern
://. If present the authority includes both the domain (www.example.com)

The domain indicates which Web server is being requested. Usually this is a domain
name, but an IP address may also be used (but this is rare as it is much less convenient).

The port indicates the technical "gate" used to access the resources on the web server.
It is usually omitted if the web server uses the standard ports of the HTTP protocol (80 for
HTTP and 443 for HTTPS) to grant access to its resources. Otherwise, it is mandatory.

Path specifies the exact location of the web page, file, or any resource that the user wants
access to. Like here the path indicates a specific article in the blog webpage.

Extra parameters provided to the Web server are as follows;
?key1=value1&key2=value2. Those parameters can be a number, encrypted value, search
term or other data that can be found on the website. URL parameters contain a key and value,
separated by an equal sign (=). A URL can contain multiple parameters, which are then each
separated with an ampersand (&).

An anchor to another part of the resource itself is; #SomewhereInTheDocument. An
anchor is an optional component of URLs that are typically placed at the end with a hash (#).
They indicate a specific location on the webpage like an ID or name attribute but can also be
directed to other resources like a footer, or sidebar.

19 Training unit in the field of technological information - at the Supreme Council of Universities © Intellectual property rights 2024