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Figure 6: Difference between HTTP/HTTPS

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Is used to transfer files between computers on a TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol) network.

Figure 7: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):

This protocol is used to send emails between servers. It is used by email clients to send
messages to mail servers, which then forward them to the intended recipients.

Uniform Resource Locator URL

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator; URL is used to specify addresses on the
World Wide Web. A URL is the fundamental network identification for any resource
connected to the web (e.g., hypertext pages, images, and sound files)
With Hypertext and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), URL is one of the key concepts of
the Web. It is the mechanism used by browsers to retrieve any published resource on the web.

A URL is composed of different parts, some mandatory and others optional. The most
important parts are highlighted on the URL below (details are provided in the following
sections):

18 Training unit in the field of technological information - at the Supreme Council of Universities © Intellectual property rights 2024