Page 353 - CyberSecurityEssentialsEnglish

Common
Term Plain-language explanation
abbreviation

A document setting the question, criteria, and plan before
Protocol -
execution.
Pre-registration - Recording the plan publicly before the data are seen.

Inclusion and
- Written rules determining which sources enter the review.
exclusion criteria

Applying the criteria in stages, first to abstracts and then to
Screening -
full texts.

Features of design or execution that could push a result in a
Risk of bias -
direction.

A third factor that distorts an apparent relationship between
Confounding -
two others.

How much confidence a body of evidence supports, given its
Certainty of evidence -
limits.

Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and
GRADE GRADE Evaluation: a system for judging how much confidence a body
of evidence deserves.

The tendency for studies with certain results to be published
Publication bias -
more.

Preprint - A version circulated before peer review.

Retraction - The formal withdrawal of a published work.

Data extraction form - A structured record of what each source contributes.

A table placing studies in rows and comparison fields in
Literature matrix -
columns.

Data dictionary - A definition of each field, its values, and its coding rules.

A researcher’s explicit account of their own influence on the
Reflexivity -
study.

Summary and Condensing one source, versus explaining a body of sources
-
synthesis together.

Variation between studies in design, population, or
Heterogeneity -
measurement.

Claim, evidence, A structure tying a sentence to its support and to why the
-
reasoning support holds.

Fabricated reference - A citation that looks plausible but refers to no existing work.

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