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This does not make the system a responsible partner in any human sense. It makes it a tool
for organizing the dialogue and widening the range of alternatives, while the decision and
the context remain with the person.

Staged collaboration is particularly useful when uncertainty or conflicting criteria are

present. Ask the system to stop after each decisive point: after the questions, after
summarizing its understanding, after the outline, and before the final writing. A checkpoint

prevents whole pages from being built on a mistaken assumption, and it lowers the cost of
going back.

FIGURE 2-2: ASK, INSTRUCT, AND COLLABORATE

What to notice: The choice of level depends on how clear and how complex the task is, not
on a desire to write a long prompt.

Source: Prepared by the author.

TABLE 2-2: WHEN TO USE EACH LEVEL
Level When to use it Example Sign of success

A definition, an What is the difference A clear answer
Ask explanation, or a between an indicator and a with a bounded
specific example. target? scope.

An output that
An output with a Produce a one-page memo
matches the
Instruct known function and containing the decision and
format and the
structure. the risks.
constraints.

The decision
An open problem, or
Begin with questions, then improves across
Collaborate one with several
options, then a comparison. stages and
competing constraints.
checkpoints.

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