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TABLE 3-2: THE FUNCTION OF EACH LAYER AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC QUESTION

Layer Its function in brief The diagnostic question

General capability learned from Does it suit the language, the
Foundation
broad data; a component inside the medium, and the type of
model
product, not the product itself. task?

Standing instructions, later tuning, or
Is new knowledge required, or
Adaptation LoRA that make the behavior more
more consistent behavior?
suitable.

Files, instructions, conversation, and Does the system see the
Data and
search results that arrive with the correct material in full and in
context
task. its current version?

Linking the answer to external Were the right passages
Retrieval and
passages that can be updated and retrieved, and do they
grounding
cited. support the claim?

Was a real tool used, or did
Search, calculation, code, databases,
Tools the model merely compose a
and the execution of actions.
linguistic answer?

Does the interface alter the
Interface and Uploads, sharing, memory, export,
file, hide the source, or retain
application permissions, and usage policies.
the data?

Who reviews, and what
Workflow and The sequence of steps, review,
quality gate stands before the
oversight approval, stopping, and rollback.
next step or the action?

● Remember: diagnose before you upgrade

When quality degrades, do not automatically start with a larger model. Inspect the
completeness of the context, the file type, the retrieval, the tools, the hidden
instructions, and the review steps.

The Name of the Model Does Not Describe the Whole Service

Two tools may announce that they use the same model and still differ, because of the model
version and the date it was updated, the system instructions, the truncation policy, the file
limits, the OCR method, the search and code tools, the memory, the filtering, and the

permitted response time. A provider may also route requests among several models
internally according to load or task type, while the user sees a single product name.

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