Page 101 - CyberSecurityEssentialsEnglish

Common
Term Plain-language explanation
abbreviation

A setting that controls how much randomness enters the
Temperature - selection of the next unit of text; it changes variety, not
knowledge.
Nucleus sampling: choosing from the smallest set of
Top-p - candidates whose combined probability reaches a set
threshold, so the size of that set changes with the context.

The difference between outputs of the same prompt
Variability - across runs; useful in creative work, a problem where
consistency is required.
A model designed to spend greater internal reasoning
Reasoning model -
effort on complex tasks.

Reasoning steps, internal or displayed; their length does
Chain of thought CoT
not guarantee that the result is correct.

A mechanism that enforces a defined structure for the
Structured outputs -
output in systems that support it.

A formal description of the structure of the data, its fields,
JSON schema -
types, and constraints.

A programmatic check that the output matches the
Schema validation -
required structure.

Input that attempts to change the behavior of the system
Prompt injection -
or bypass its instructions in an unintended way.

The tendency of a system to go along with the user’s
Sycophancy -
opinion instead of offering an independent assessment.

Asking the system to evaluate or review its own output;
Self-critique -
limited without external feedback.

A stage at which the system stops for confirmation or
Checkpoint -
correction before continuing.

An organizing summary prepared by the author that fixes
Working brief -
the objective, decisions, and assumptions in a long task.

A template containing changeable fields such as audience,
Parameterized prompt -
material, and length.

Recording template versions, their changes, the reasons
Versioning -
for change, and the test results.

A set of realistic and edge examples used to compare
Evaluation cases -
prompts or tools.

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