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FIGURE 4-3: THE LADDER OF DELEGATION AND HUMAN CONTROL

What to notice: Risk increases as you move from ideas and drafts toward recommendation
and execution, so the need for approvals, constraints, and the ability to stop increases with

it.
Source: Prepared by the author.

TABLE 4-5: THE DELEGATION AND APPROVAL MATRIX

The role of AI The role of the human The minimum control

Suggests ideas or
Selects and refines. A quick review before use.
headings.

Drafts or reorganizes Supplies the facts and Review of every material
material. approves the version. piece of information.

Extracts, classifies, or Sets the criteria and Sample testing and

compares. interprets the exceptions. comparison with a source.

Offers a recommendation Makes the decision and More than one reviewer
and alternatives. justifies the choice. when the impact is high.

Prepares an action in an Approves before sending Separate confirmation and an
external tool. or modifying. execution log.

Executes automatically Monitors exceptions and Strict limits, monitoring, and a
within a low-impact scope. incidents. stop control.

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