Page 21 - CyberSecurityEssentialsEnglish

Worms: Unlike viruses, they don't attack the host, being self-contained programs propagating across networks and
computers. Worms are often installed through email attachments, sending a copy of themselves to every contact in
the infected computer email list.
Ransomware: This malware encrypts files and may deny access to the victim's data. The attacker threatens to publish
or delete these data if he does not get the ransom requested.

Spyware: This program is installed to collect information about users, their systems or browsing habits, sending the
data to a remote user. The attacker can then use the information for blackmailing or downloading and installing other
malicious programs from the web.
Rootkit: This is a sophisticated malicious program designed to be hidden from the end user and the antivirus while
opening a backdoor on the system. It allows the attacker to remotely control your computer and install other malicious
software on it.

Figure 11 Malware types

Cyber Services
We need cybersecurity services to protect our systems and devices from threats and vulnerabilities.
Governments established CERTs to carry out this mission and provide these services like (figure 12):

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